PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
However, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.